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East Wahdat Burning Man Barefoot College Leidsche Rijn Rural Studio
presented as part of Consuming Places







What problem solving practices have been instrumental in creating locally responsive solutions? Can these be applied to other communities?

The following list is for the most part taken from information provided by the ‘Projectbureau Leidsche Rijn.' It included the main ‘hands-on' solutions:

- Foundation, an initiative of a collaboration of local authorities, commercial institutions, and educational groups encourages future inhabitants to find out how to live in a sustainable manner. Their information centre in Leidsche Rijn, The Sustainable House, is built as one of the most The Leidsche Rijn is provided with an extremely environmental-friendly water system, since the rainwater is collected in broad channels referred to as the wadi. The wadi filters the water before it drains into the ground. The collection of this rainwater eliminates the need to draw water from the Amsterdam-Rhine canal so as to maintain the level of the water table. The Leidsche Rijn has also been equipped with a separate domestic-water system to supply water for washing machines and toilets.

- The Sustainable House modern, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly houses in the Netherlands.

- Large areas of the Leidsche Rijn are connected to the city’s district heating system, thereby achieving a reduction in the demand for expensive fuels and a decrease in the level of emissions of carbon dioxide.

-A great deal of attention is devoted to nature and public parks and gardens. The larger and the smaller parks and gardens are linked to each other by connecting zones; this will enable plants and animals to spread throughout the entire district.

-The construction of the Leidsche Rijn will take great care of the remains from the region’s rich history. As many of the landscapes’ historical elements as possible will be accommodated in the plans for the new neighbourhoods.

-The interiors of the homes in Leidsche Rijn are often designed in a manner such that they will be capable of adaptation to accommodate possible future changes in the composition of the household, or in the use of the home. The school homes on the ‘Langerakbaan’ are one example of this approach.

-The Municipality’s ‘Initiative seeks taker M/F’ campaign: In addition to the large numbers of homes to be constructed in contracts commissioned by housing corporations and project developers, the Leidsche Rijn will also offer scope for groups of residents to take initiatives and to experiment. One example is the ‘Klaver4’ project. The project is designed to create the ambience of an old village centre. The complex will combine housing and employment with a public function. It encompasses a total of 24 homes and various workshops, and a tea-house/auditorium which will be built in the cherry-tree orchard. The workshops will offer accommodations to both old and new crafts, such as graphic design, internet services, wood-working and bicycle repairs. The intention is to re-use demolition materials in the construction. Solidarity and transfer of knowledge will be the goals of ‘Klaver4’. This community is trying to achieve a residential environment which exhibits social cohesion. The construction of ‘Klaver4’ will begin in 2003.

-The residents of the Leidsche Rijn are involved in the development of the public spaces. The Municipality collaborates with the residents to reach agreement about the location and the construction of playgrounds and football fields in each neighbourhood.

-In the future project ‘De Vrije Boomgaard’ residents will function as their own principals. Every individual dwelling will be designed individually and will have its own architect, although the municipality has set some limitations for the design (e.g. the used materials should look ‘natural’).

Most of these problem solving practices could probably be applied to other communities, of course depending on the context. The general ‘philosophy’ of orgware, as a more open process-oriented way of designing could probably also be applied to other communities. However - unless this also involves long-term, big projects in an overregulated society – the way this will be worked out in practice will have to be adapted.

The problem solving practices in Leidsche Rijn have however raised problems of their own, as one can read from the various newspaper articles that were written the last couple of years. In an article from 14-06-2002 many of the current problems are summed up. The article mentions that:

- Ever since there problems with the twin water system arose (inhabitants of Leidsche Rijn got ill, because of accidental replacement of clean and dirty water pipes) this project has been stopped.

-The idea to keep inhabitants from buying more then one car has failed because the municipality did not manage to arrange good public transport on time. Therefore many extra parking lots had to be created.

-In order to make the wadi system function the residents of Leidsche Rijn have to wash their cars at special places, dogs can not be let out near the wadi’s, inhabitants have to use not impregnated wood, etc. According to the newspaper article most people do not keep these rules, simply because they are not aware of them.